Understanding credit ratings

When we approach a lending institution to borrow money, how does the lending institution know whether we are trustworthy or not? We might be able to assure them that we are… but can they take our word for it?

The lending institution is in the business of making money by lending money. They lend money to people who they think will pay it back and they charge a bit of interest which is their way of making money on the risk they've taken. But again, how do they know who will pay the money back?

That's where credit ratings come in. A credit rating – or "a credit score" – is derived from a big pile of information collected about us. There are three main credit scoring companies out there. They are private companies who get information about us from various sources. These credit reporting agencies use this information to give us a score. Every person has their own score.

Then, when we want to borrow money, we ask a lending institution for the money and they go to the credit reporting agency and find out what our score is. If we have a good score, the lender will give us money. If we have a bad score, the lender will either give us money but charge us a higher interest rate or they simply won't give us money at all.

So, it makes sense that we should work hard to improve our score. But how do we do that? Here are some tips:

1. Pay all bills in full. Don't leave any money outstanding on a bill. Pay it in full. Credit reporting agencies, and the lending institutions that use the scores, are going to want to know this information. After all, the lenders are considering lending us money and don’t you think they want to know if you pay your bills in full???
2. Pay all your bills on time. Don't be late. Don't wait until the last moment. Pay them on time. Again, lenders who are about to lend you money want to know that you are a conscientious borrower who happily meets your obligations.
3. Make sure you HAVE a credit history. A good score doesn't just occur because you don't own anybody anything. No. People get a good score because they've owed people money and they pay it back. Someone who doesn’t have any credit score at all isn't going to get much money loaned to them.
4. Watch your available credit. Available credit is how much money you CAN borrow. For example, if you have a maximum of $10,000 credit limit on your credit card, your available credit is $10,000. Lenders want to know this because they want to find the balance between what you earn and what your available credit is, If you have lots of available credit but a low income, they might be reluctant to lend you money. Some of the might be thinking: "If they go on a spending spree, they'll never be able to pay it all back."

Getting good credit is a strategic, time-consuming effort but it pays off if you want to borrow money.

Real estate investors need cash

There's a challenge in the real estate investment industry. There are many opportunities for real estate investors to buy inexpensive properties and fix them up and exit profitably… but they need something vital to make it happen. They need cash.

Real estate investing is a capital-intensive business because it requires tens of thousands of dollars up front in order to get started. You need to put some money down on the property, you need to fund repairs, you have carrying costs. Once you've covered all of those, you can sell the property (or rent it) and make a lot of money but it needs to have the cash up-front first.

Many brand new real estate investors make the mistake of using their own money to fund the deal. They use credit cards and they borrow against their mortgage. Unfortunately, those tactics have limitations:

• Credit cards have high interest rates and if a deal goes bad (and sometimes they do), the real estate investor may have a high amount of money to pay down on his or her credit card with exorbitant interest to pay, too. This can damage credit ratings!
• Borrowing against the mortgage is another way that real estate investors pay for their deals. Although the interest rate is lower, there is still substantial personal risk should the deal ever go south. The borrower could end up with their home repossessed.

Credit rating worries, high interest rates, and even the threat of eviction are all challenging problems that face the real estate investor using their own money.

But there are other options. Real estate investors need to apply the principle of "OPM" – "other peoples' money" – in order to invest successfully. When they do that, they put other people's money to work for them and they can get better rates of interest and they reduce their personal risk.

There are several ways to get access to other people's money:

1. The real estate investor can contact his or her family or friends and ask them to invest. Sometimes this is a good idea, especially if the real estate investor has a successful track record and the know people with money. However, this can be risky because they could lose their friends or family should a deal ever bust.
2. The real estate investor can go to a lender – like a lending institution. A lending institution might lend them money or they might not, depending on the investor's credit rating and how much risk the lending institution is willing to take on.
3. The real estate investor can find a group of investors – both individuals and corporations – who are willing to invest. This takes more leg work on the investor's part but it can release a great deal of money to the real estate investor to invest. And there are many investors out there!